Ključno predavanje: Zajednica drevnog Vučedola i prvi vladari između Egejskog i Jadranskog mora
Keynote lecture: Ancient Vučedol Community and the First Rulers between the Aegean and the Adriatic Sea
-Mitja Guštin- SLO
Muzej vučedolske kulture
Vučedol Culture Museum
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8. prosinca 2022.
December 8th 2022
10:10-10:40
Za sve generacije zagrebačkih studenata arheologije povlastica je poznavanje Vučedola in situ i upoznavanje sa sustavnim otkrivanjem arheoloških slojeva toga tipičnog eneolitičkog tela – velegrada na prijelazu iz kamenoga u metalno doba. Taj dio vrlo veličanstvene drevne prapovijesti slavonskoga prostora impresionira i sve nas koji sa strane pratimo radove na Vučedolu, kao i fascinantne interpretacije prvog kalendara Europe te prepoznavanja vučedolske golubice kao značajnog simbola metalurgije. Vučedolska je zajednica bila na isturenom telu uz plodne ravnice između Drave, Dunava i Save nosilac razvitka u velikom dijelu Panonije, Transilvanije i zapadnog Balkana i svrstava taj arheološki lokalitet među najznačajnije spomenike europske i svjetske civilizacije.
Izvrsnom izložbom „Simbol boga i kralja: prvi europski vladari“ Aleksandar Durman je okrunio svoja dugogodišnja istraživanja vučedolskih slojeva i proučavanja raznovrsnoga pokretnog arheološkog materijala. Kao uvijek izvanredni je postav popratio monografijom u kojoj je već u naslovu, a i tekstu s pomoću antičkih izvora smjestio tadašnje metalurge ranoga brončanog doba među bogove i kraljeve.
Kad želimo privući pažnju šire publike onda se moramo latiti i onih vrhunaca nekog doba koji se odražavaju u civilizacijskim postignućima, prije svega u arhitekturi ili pak u polaganju dragocjenih vladarskih insignija prilikom njihove sahrane. Pandan fenomenu prapovijesnog Vučedola su imućnici, prvaci, kneževi u zaleđu Crnogorskog primorja, s kojih se veo počeo skidati tek nakon istraživanja velikog tumula u Maloj Grudi na Tivatskom polju prije pola stoljeća. U međuvremenu su se zaredala otkrića sličnih pokopa, koja nam omogućavaju da na osnovi megalitske grobne komore i nasipavanja samog tumula te dragocjenih priloga prepoznamo na prijelazu iz neolitičkoga u brončano doba prvi sloj kneževa u europskoj prapovijesti nakon zlatnog horizonta imućnika u Varni.
For all the generations of archaeology students from Zagreb it is a privilege to experience the site of Vučedol in situ and to acquaint themselves with systematic excavation of archaeological layers of that typical eneolithic tell – a metropolis of the transitional period from Stone Age to the Bronze Age. This part of the magnificent ancient prehistory of the area of Slavonia still amazes all of us looking from aside at all of the activities on Vučedol and fascinating interpretations of those activities, from it being the place of the oldest European calendar to the finding spot of the Vučedol Dove as an important symbol of the earliest metallurgy. The Vučedol's community, situated on the protruding tell along the fertile plains between the rivers Drava, Danube and Sava, was the bearer of development for the larger part of Pannonia, Transylvania and western Balkans, which places this archaeological site among the most significant monuments of the European and the world's civilisations.
With the excellent exhibition „Symbol of God and King, The First European Rulers“ Aleksandar Durman has crowned his many years of research of the site of Vučedol and its archaeological layers, and his numerous studies of diverse archaeological material discovered during those times. As always, the exhibition has been accompanied by a monography that, drawing on classical sources, places the metallurgists of the Early Bronze Age among the gods and kings of the earliest civilisations – as stated by the monograph's title.
When we wish to attract the attention of the wider audience we must point to the pinnacles of a certain age reflected in its civilisational achievements, especially in the architecture or in the burial practices including burying rulers with their precious insignia. The counterpart of the Vučedol prehistoric phenomena are the princes and wealthy chiefs of the hinterland of Montenegrin littoral coast, from which the veil began to be removed after the discovery of the large tumulus in Mala Gruda on the Tivat field half a century ago. In the meantime similar burials were discovered offering new insights. The megalithic burial chambers and the tumuli themselves as well as precious grave finds made it possible to recognize - at the transition from Stone to Bronze Age - the earliest layer of rulers in the European prehistory after the golden ruler burial from the Varna horizon.